THE ROLE OF TRANSCRANIAL ULTRASOUND IN THE EVALUATION OF HYPOXIC ISCHEMIC ENCEPHALOPATHY

Introduction: Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy is a clinical term used to describe an abnormal neurobehavioral state that consists of decreased level consciousness with abnormalities in neuromotor tone. Any neonate, regardless birth weight, size, or gestational age, who has greater than average chance morbidity mortality, due fetal, maternal placental anomalies otherwise compromised pregnancy especially within the first 28 days life categorized as high-risk neonate. Cranial ultrasonography plays important role diagnosis significant lesions infants presenting hypoxic (HIE) and seizures assessing severity, neurodevelopment outcome neurological prognosis these infants. In many sutures fontanelles are still open can be acoustic windows look into brain. Methodology: This was hospital based descriptive observational study 100 preterm babies suspected brain injuries were referred for cranial USG examination Radiodiagnosis Department R.N.T. Medical College, Udaipur over period 18 months from June 2020 November 2021. Results:The most common affected age group 32-37weeks (51%). The found on neurosonogram germinal matrix hemorrhage, periventricular leucomalacia, cystic PVL, cerebral edema ventriculomegaly. abnormality hemorrhage (17%) subependymal (41%) type. Isolated ventriculomegaly (53.8%) more (46.2%). Conclusion: Neurosonogram remains accurate, rapid imaging modality choice detecting infant. technique both sensitive specific leucomalacia. It useful perform frequent follow-up scans. advantages it easy operate, non invasive, lack ionizing radiation, bed side availability unstable infants, diagnosis, wide availability, cost effectiveness repeatability.